much用作副词,主要用来修饰以下词语:
1. 修饰形容词或副词的比较级。如:
It is much colder today. 今天冷得多了。
It was much worse than I thought. 比我想象的还糟得多。
【注】有时可修饰最高级,但要放在定冠词之前。如:
This is much the most important. 这是最最重要的。
2. 修饰被动结构中的过去分词(也可用very much)。如:
The car was (very) much damaged. 汽车损坏十分严重。
He was (very) much shocked by the news. 他听到这消息感到非常震惊。
3. 修饰副词 too(太)。如:
It’s much too expensive. 这太贵了。
The book is much too difficult. 这本书太难了。
4. 修饰介词短语。如:
He is much like his father. 他很像他父亲。
Much to our surprise, he left without saying goodbye. 使我们大为惊奇的是,他竟没打个招呼就走了。
5. 修饰动词,通常只用于否定句或疑问句中,不能用于肯定句中(除非其前有 very, too, so 等之类的修饰语)。如:
He wants to see the film very much. 他很想看这部电影。
注意以下各正误句型:
正:He doesn’t like her much. (用于否定句,对)
正:He doesn’t much like her. (用于否定句,对)
正:Does he like her much? (用于疑问句,对)
正:Does he much like her? (用于疑问句,对)
正:He likes her very [too, so] much. (有修饰语,对)
误:He likes her much. /He much likes her. (用于肯定句,无 修饰语,错)
【注】单个的 much 有时也能在肯定句中修饰动词。但这类动词只限于 regret, admire, prefer, appreciate 等个别动词,且只能放在句中,不可放在句末。如:
正:We much appreciate your invitation. 我们非常感激你的 邀请。
误:We appreciate your invitation much. (若改用 very much 则完全可以)
6. 比较 much too & too much:两者结构相似,很容易混淆。它们在用法上的区别是:much too=too, 但前者语气更强;too much=much, 但前者语气更强。如
He drives much too fast. 他开车开得太快了。
The shoes are much too small for me. 这鞋子我穿太小了。
There is too much rain. 雨水太多了。
You have given me too much. 你已经给我太多了。 |